#1 and #1
Recent reports of the IPCC have made it clear that neither Business as Usual (the path we are taking mostly, especially in the USA) nor modest efforts at decarbonization that have been seen globally (more in Europe and China than USA, especially under Trump) since the first IPCC report, are going to hinder the global climate catastrophe that is headed our way. Such a catastrophe could end billions of human lives and cause untold destruction. What's needed to prevent this now is fundamental System Change.
The exact kind of System Change required isn't spelled out. But it's clear that one thing needs to go. And not just for the climate, even more so for it's own sake, and that is Global Military Conflict.
This Global Military Conflict is driven more than anything else by Western Imperialism, which is primarily US and Israeli Imperialism. Since Israeli Imperialism depends on US Imperialism, I'll refer to this as USrael Imperialism.
That actually is the #1 thing in the world which has to be changed. Humanity could be vaporized in an instant with Nuclear War. Our highest priority should be avoiding that. Then comes the System Change required to spare us from catastrophic climate change, which is virtually impossible without #1 anyway. #1 is where it has to start.
So, it turns out, the #1 and #2 most important things that need to be stopped in the world today are both USreal Imperialism. It's #1 and #1.
Since Imperialism is an integral part of western Capitalism, and we live in an oligarchy which primarily answers to that Capitalism, it's no surprise that our nearly useless elections provide no direct way of ending it. Both mainstream parties support USreal Imperialism to the hilt. Just as George Carlin once quipped, "If voting made any real difference, we wouldn't be allowed to do it." I don't entirely agree with Carlin on this, but allowing for artistic license, it's close enough, as I shall demonstrate below. We won't get where we need to go by voting "strategically" for a lesser evil, nor a greater evil either of course.
The Bahktiari Professor
Back in 2005 I met a retired professor from California. He often self identified as Iranian but it turned out he was actually from a seasonally migrating tribe that lives within the territory of Iran known as the Bahktiari.
At my monthly movie and discussion party I showed a documentary about the Bahktiari which he came to discuss with us.
At the time, all of my party atendees were enraged by George W Bush's War on Iraq. The professor said to me:
You live in a Democracy. Therefore, the war in Iraq is Your Responsibility.
I disputed this claim. Firstly with the argument that the American public was led into this war with the lies of George W. Bush. If George W. Bush had not been elected President, we likely would not be having this war. I voted against GWB. Therefore, I am not responsible for his having been elected President. Secondly, I participated in two very large protests preceding the war. It should not be pinned on me.
It's true, I could have done more to try to stop it. I could have lit myself on fire in Washington DC. But such things have not proven effective either. I did about all a person could be reasonably expected to do. Therefore, I am not responsible for it.
He was not convinced.
The Election of 2024
I could not have made this argument in 2023 as President Biden was supporting the Israeli War Machine in its genocide on Palestinians in Gaza. Because, in fact, I had voted for President Biden in 2020. I was very angry at Trump. (I am even more angry--disgusted really--with Trump now.)
For 2024, there was no viable Democratic Primary process because Biden had (then) decided to re-run. Not until the clock for Primaries had run out was it announced that Biden would not run again. Instead, he chose Kamala Harris, and the Democratic National Convention simply ratified that choice, without any further input from voters or local conventions.
This deprived voters and alternative candidates to discuss the issues involved, including the Genocide in Gaza. I believe this must have been the plan all along, to suppress open debate of the Biden's policies especially toward Israel (give them all the weapons they want). Afterwards, Kamala Harris could have, she had every opportunity but chose not to, distance herself from this Biden's policy in even the slightest way. It is now believed by many including those who have studied the election results in swing states, that Genocide in Gaza was one issue that cost Harris the Election. (There was also an second issue wrt Inflation, which many analysts concluded was largely mistaken...there had been inflation previously, resulting from Covid and other things, but as a result of judicious Fed management and other things the last year's inflation rate had come way down...but voters typically can't make such fine distinctions, and in 2024 there was nothing more that could have been done about it--except for ending the wars and the excess military budget. But distancing herself at least a little from the Gaza Genocide was one thing that Harris could have easily done, that is she could have done it if she was not owned and operated by AIPAC Zionists.)
I was infuriated at the effectively cancelled Primary process and disgusted by Biden's full support of the Genocide in Gaza and Harris's promise to continue supporting the Genocide. While it's true I did not expect Trump to be any better, I did not vote for Trump either. I voted for a decent human being, Cornel West, who would not have supported the Genocide. If I had to do it over again, I would have chose the PSL candidate Claudia De La Cruz since the PSL was more organized than West's adhoc committee and I now know I agree with PSL positions on more issues, including the US provoked War in Ukraine, better than with Cornel West. PSL is a true anti-Imperialist party whose victory could bring us to solving our top issues #1 and #1.
Harris has been the number one Democratic Party recipient of funds from AIPAC, receiving over $9 million. By comparison, Lindsay Graham was cheap, he only got $1 million, and Trump is the king of them all, receiving over $230 million. Of all the Democratic Party hopefuls for 2028, only two candidates, AOC and Ro Khanna, have received $0 and Ro has signed a pledge. (I think Ro has more spine than AOC and is the best Democratic Party candidate for 2028.)
Democratic friends, however, take my non-vote for Harris as making me responsible for Trump. They sometimes see some of the faults with Democratic Party candidates (btw, Biden's history as Senator is almost too awful to recount, he pushed for the "Crime" bill of 1994, the banking deregulations of the late 90's, the War in Iraq, and many other bad things...and his Presidency was fairly undistinguished also in that every time there was a partisan issue, he let Republicans walk away with victories rather than apply LBJ like pressure to members of his own party...this was true even when Democrats had technical majorities in both houses...the only thing we "got" from Biden was basically the Infrastructure Bill, which has resulted in huge highway construction near me that seems excessive and outdated and does not actually solve local transportation problems either, and I plan to continue taking surface streets rather then the new intimidating multilevel freeways near me even when the construction is completed) but always say we must in effect vote for the lesser evil to prevent the greater evil from winning.
I have addressed these issues on both sides in earlier posts. I strongly argued for voting for Biden in 2020 largely on the strategic voting lesser evilism basis. I argued these same points among left groups I was a member or organizer in, after Biden had (somewhat curiously) defeated Bernie. But by 2024, Biden's genocidal record, which Harris vowed to continue, had reached the point of too much evil for me to accept anymore. And apparently many others felt the same way. I believe there is such a point of no return, where Principled and Disciplinary voting is absolutely required, and that Biden/Harris had reached it.
Reasons for Voting
Voting is a relatively easy thing to do. I don't see it solving any of the most serious problems we face (see #1 and #1 above, in particular). But still it's worth doing, because it's relatively easy to do, might change things enough to be worthwhile anyway, and it is one important way we can express ourselves politically. It gives us a lot to talk about with other people too (which, ultimately, I think is the most important thing it does).
So lets go through these reasons. The first thing people think of is that voting is our "opportunity" to change our leadership, our future, etc:
"Strategically" Electing a Government official
The only vote you could cast that changes the actual outcome of an election would be the deciding vote. This would mean that if you had not cast your vote, the votes would be evenly split, and your one vote would tip the difference over to one side.
The probability of casting a deciding vote is astronomically small. Many very smart mathematicians have worked on this issue using different assumptions and come up with different results. Not being mathematicians, we can look at their results as bounding the high and the low probabilities. The low probability is 1 in 10 raised to the 2,569 power, ie, far far far less than one in a google (10 raised to the 100 power). The high probability analysis calculated that an "average" voter in a particular US presidential election (the one US citizens obsess most about), not knowing what state you are in or the politics in that state, would have a 1 in 60 million chance, which is something like 4 / N where N is the total number of voters. I do know what state I live in (Texas) and that it is virtually certain to remain voting Republican for the forseeable future.
A fair minded study of these different results using only "random voting" assumptions puts the probability for an arbitrary simple election between 1 / N and 1/50N (for an election where the challenger has a 1% chance of winning) and that is if it is not already a foregone conclusion. That means if there are 10 million voters, like a statewide election in Texas, with a highly skewed electorate, your highest probability of casting a deciding vote is less than 1/500 million.
https://www.tobyord.com/writing/decisive-vote
The above writer also pays tribute to the "intuitive" estimate, which I used in an earlier essay (from some other set based mathematical analysis, though it came up with the intuitive answer by some coincidence) and that is 1/N for N voters. He concludes that 1/N is accurate for a race in which both candidates have an equal chance of winning. That would be true, for example, in Swing States where the election may be decided by a small number votes. However, in most cases, 1/N will be an overestimate of your probability of actually making a change in an electoral result.
If you are unsatisfied by these probabilities, you can also check the results after an election, and I'm very confident you will always see that your vote made no consequential difference in who got elected. You can point this out to your friends, though it is not likely that will satisfy them, because most people are so mathematically illiterate. All this strategic voting stuff is really performative posturing dressed up as consequentialist.
Strategic "lesser evil" voting is really just capitulation, essentially lining up for slaughter by the ruling class which mostly controls the selection of candidates, and reminiscent of a cartoon I once saw showing Austrians lining up under watchful Nazis to vote for unification, with the one and only choice on the ballot saying "Yes, give me a good kick in the pants."
And even these low probabilities don't include the full effect of ideological rigidities. In the state where I live, Texas, it is basically a foregone conclusion that, for the foreseeable future, Republicans will win in any statewide election for national office, especially US President.* A large majority of Texas voters are lifelong Republicans, and that is not likely to change in the next election. Therefore we are back to looking at a probability of your vote changing the outcome which is far less than one in a google.
(*Even if the time of the world came to hand and the 64 disks of a tower of hanoi moved to another pole, and Democrats won the electors for US President in Texas, by that time many other states would have tipped first, making the Texas contribution of electors irrelevant to the final win.)
So voting with an intent to change the particular elected official, assuming you considered that important, is basically not worth doing, unless you live in a swing state, where it is only barely worth doing.
Furthermore, with regards to the paramount issues of our time, #1 and #1, it would make not make any difference at all because neither a Democrat nor a Republican would be likely to enact the System Change we so desperately need. And this may be true on a range of lesser issues as well, though I am not claiming, as some do, in general, that it makes no difference at all who is elected. There may be differences that you or I might consider very important, but your chance of changing even that result is still astronomically small.
Principled and Disciplinary Voting
While it is virtually impossible to change the outcome of an election with your one vote, it may be possible for a large number of dissatisfied voters to cause their own party to lose an election, and we might well infer that was what happened in 2024. Disciplining your party for pre-selecting awful candidates is one important thing you can do, and it's basically cost free in states where the other party is almost certainly going to win anyway. In this case, if you are even the slightest bit unhappy with the candidate of the major party you dislike less, you should always vote for the third party candidate who most satisfies you, even if they have no chance of winning. If the candidate is on the ballot it will show up in the results, and the larger the third party vote for such candidates the more it will irritate your party leaders possibly to the point of doing things better next time, though I wouldn't count on that. Sufficient discipline is the only way things could be changed to be even measurably on the System Change dimension through electoral politics. More likely, complete Collapse (which is what I consider most likely of all) or Revolution will be required. But rather than wait for those things, vote to discipline your lesser hated party, as well as your more hated one.
Expressing yourself, making new friends, and building a new Party
This is the simplest version of voting, and how I would explain voting, especially to someone who is not satisfied with the candidates of either major party. VOTE FOR WHOEVER YOU WANT MOST. The rest is details, really.
I personally came to this conclusion when I was about 14 years old, but then got sucked into political parties and all their nonsense. When I was 14 years old, I correctly reasoned that if everyone chose to vote for whoever they wanted most, politicians would be more and more forced to go that way. If people voted "strategically," that is for the lesser evils, politicians would become more and more decoupled from popular opinions and simply go the way of the powers that be, the ruling class, oligarchs, etc. What I didn't think of then was that furthermore people would tend to reshape their opinions in the ways they HAD voted. This is all exactly what has happened in my lifetime, as the Overton Window has shifted more and more rightwards. When I was a small child, we still had a New Deal Democrat, JFK, who refused imperial military intervention in Cuba, was planning to shut down the cold war CIA operation in Vietnam, who proposed the Civil Rights Act (which he was killed before delivering), was seriously trying to stop Israel from getting (mostly stealing) the bomb, and was generally trying to resolve the Cold War diplomatically rather than "winning" it. JFK was assassinated by a US/Israeli* intelligence/mob conspiracy before doing much of that and replaced by a President who killed millions in Southeast Asia in a vain "Cold War" attempt to prevent their political independence, and he let Israel get the bomb and carry out an epic aggression that foreclosed the possibility of a sovereign Palestinian State while not even giving Israel a slap on the wrist for killing US troops in the process. In 2020-2024 we had a Democratic Party President, Genocide Joe, who refused an early easy settlement of the murderous and very dangerous US provoked proxy war in Ukraine and instead supported it with over a hundred billion dollars of destructive weapons and US intelligence, and fully supported Israel's Genocide in Gaza--sending Israel whatever they wanted to get the job done. He was anything but visionary and let the Republican Party win on many issues, breaking promises to save Roe v Wade, etc. This was largely the result of Democrats voting "strategically" time and time again in prior decades for lesser evils "in order to win." Republicans had more spine, sometimes refused to vote except for what they wanted (or at least made a big show of it), and ultimately got what they wanted, to the horror of all thinking people.
(*It was famed Israeli Nuke whistleblower Mordechai Vanunu who revealed that Israel had also been behind the assassination of JFK. He did so after being released from prison in Israel, and the good conspiracy theorists have incorporated this into their theories ever since, if not before.)
But do vote, because it feels good to express your true feelings, and this is the one and only opportunities most people have to make such a statement in a way that can get some widespread attention. If you happen to vote for a listed candidate, your vote will show up in some (but not all) reports. It will be seen by some people, especially those who are deeply into politics, everywhere. It will get mindshare beyond your close circle of friends.
Expressing your true feelings is also a way to find your true friends, and new ones, though you might lose a lot of others. It's a way to build a new party (I'm not holding my breath, but it's the only way System Change could arise through the electoral process). I was going to make other categories for those ideas, but they don't really mean anything unless you are expressing your true feelings anyway. If you care about Palestinians, you might ask a Palestinian what they think about your voting choices. Almost certainly they would prefer you not vote for a Zionist of either Democrat or Republican parties (for an example, see Sam Hussieni, an American Palestinian Christian who constantly rails against lesser evilism, and is now running as an independent candidate) and even if that results in a greater evil winning now, because for them, a lesser evil is still very evil. Most of the destruction in Gaza occurred under a "lesser evil" Democrat President. By the time we got Trump most of the physical damage in Gaza (if not death) was already done.
Expressing your true feelings diplomatically is generally the best path forwards in life. (Voting is an inherently "diplomatic" process.) Continuously suppressing your true feelings is the path to madness, like the state we have now reached in USA.
I never say such things as "both parties are the same" or "don't bother to vote." Though never in our most important priority for saving human life on this planet, #1 and #1, where both parties are so similar they might as well be the same, there are still some differences between the two mainstream parties we might find significant. I might or might not choose to vote for Democrats in lower races if they haven't as erred as disgustingly as Biden and Harris did. I never say such things as "All Democrats are Evil" either. I really liked Greg Casar, my current US Rep, and before him Lloyd Doggett, and my new likely Rep Joaquin Castro seems to be improving in that direction. (Republicans have gerrymandered my district time and time again sometimes giving me less good choices.) I often like Ro Khanna and AOC, and I'd likely vote for either one as President. In some cases, I view my vote as a bargaining chip, which I'm going to keep in the air, feeling the movement thereof, until the moment I vote. If they have pissed me off recently, I'll vote Green to get even. (Sadly, PSL isn't big enough to run in many races, or I might vote for them all the time, as they do really represent "what I want."). But generally I don't like the fact that Greens do say things which I never say about Democrats. And often they aren't really Socialists either, though they often propose Social Democratic programs, and oppose USrael Imperialism. Greens in other countries such as UK and Germany are terrible, just as committed to Western Imperialism (and coddling Israel and suppressing anti-Zionism) as other parties, if not more so.
If voting basically doesn't change the results, donating small amounts to politicians doesn't either. I've done some intuitive analysis to come up with the idea that it costs between $100 and $1000 to change one vote. And it barely matters anyway. And if you donate anything you will endlessly be texted and emailed by other candidates and causes begging you for money. I wish I never had. I donated to Bernie and had some fun with the Bernie movement, such as a Bernie appearance and door knocking with a friend, but it all came to naught as Bernie capitulated early to the mainstream candidates in both 2016 and 2020 and insisted his followers vote for those mainstream candidates. Now I learn that Bernie is a Liberal Zionist who insists we must "defend" Israel, can't imagine the apartheid/genocide state not existing and blames the Genocide on Netanyahu. (The drive towards Genocide didn't start with Netanyahu. It started with the First Zionist Conference in 1897, which established the clear goal of removing non-Jews from Palestine as was defended by Zionists in many later writings, and continued from and through the Palestinian Nakba of 1948 and beyond. The Gaza Genocide of 2023 and beyond under Netanyahu is simply the Final Solution phase of Zionism.) Bernie has shut down pro Palestinian protestors at his rallies.
Links
I am repeating this link from above because it is important to read to get an overview of the mathematical analysis of casting a decisive vote as well as the best and most readable single analysis I've ever seen. This essay by Toby Ord also gives a good history of previous analyses and provides many further links to them.
https://www.tobyord.com/writing/decisive-vote
You might be able to read some of the following paid post by Patrick Lawrence, who argues entirely on ethical principles rather than including the mathematics as I do. I agree with him his primary case and conclusion and many of my non-mathematical arguments are similar to his. Here or elsewhere he also says that Biden was one of the worst Presidents ever. I don't quite agree with that, I think Trump and GWB were worse, though I'd put Biden in the lowest group, and it's a very low bar now anyway. I wouldn't expect Harris to be any better than Biden was. I suspect Harris would have been drawn into war with Iran just like Trump, because of all her Zionist backing, friends, and history. And she might have backed the US Provoked Proxy War in Ukraine even more than Trump, possibly to the horror of us all.